Rediferenciación de condrocitos en plasma rico en factores de crecimiento plaquetarios para condroplastia articular / Chondrocyte redifferentiation within platelet factors-rich plasma for articular chondroplasty

La regeneración del cartílago articular constituye unproblema clínico muy importante de difícil abordaje terapéutico.Actualmente, la expansión “ex vivo” de condrocitosautólogos se presenta como una de las alternativascon mejores perspectivas. El propósito de este trabajo hasido el estudio de la eficacia del plasma rico en factores decrecimiento plaquetarios en la recuperación y el mantenimientodel fenotipo condrocítico de células cultivadas encompuestos de biomatriz autóloga y en la reestructuracióndel cartílago articular. Para ello hemos realizado compuestosde condrocitos humanos y de conejo rediferenciadosen plasma rico en factores de crecimiento plaquetarios.Hemos reimplantado compuestos de condrocitos homólogosrediferenciados en el cóndilo femoral de conejos lesionadosexperimentalmente. Los resultados obtenidos nospermiten sugerir que el plasma rico en factores de crecimientoplaquetario constituye una novedosa e importanteaportación para transporte de los condrocitos dentro delas nuevas terapias de regeneración del cartílago hialino

Articular cartilage regeneration is an important clinicalproblem. Actualy, autologouos chondrocyte cultured “exvivo” are a good option for cartilage regeneration therapies.The aim of this work has been to study the efficacy ofplatelet growth factors-rich plasma in chondrocyte redifferentiationand phenotipe maintenance of cells culturedinside autologouos matrix composites, as well as in articularchondroplasty. We have obtained compounds of humanor rabbit chondrocyte redifferentiated within platelet factors-rich plasma. After, we have reimplanted homologousredifferentiated chondrocytes in femoral condyle of rabbitspreviously injuried experimentally. Results suggest thatplatelet growth factors-rich plasma could be a novel andsignificant apportation to chondrocyte transport in therapiesof hialine cartilage regeneration

Optimización de las condiciones de cultivo de las células mesenquimales de médula ósea humana para su uso en traumatología / Optimization of culture conditions of the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for traumatology use

Las células mesenquimales (MSC) de la médula ósea(MO) humana constituyen un candidato celular muy prometedorpara regenerar el cartílago dañado. Las MSC generadasin vitro contienen dos poblaciones celulares condistinta capacidad de expansión y de diferenciación. En esteestudio, utilizando muestras de MO procedente de biopsiasde hueso, se definen las condiciones de cultivo quepermiten optimizar el rendimiento de los cultivos enriquecidosen células más pluripotentes. También se ha determinadoel contenido en células progenitoras de las MSC de laMO. Tras exposición a medios de diferenciación específicos,las MSC obtenidas en cultivo demostraron su capacidadosteogénica y condrogénica. Finalmente hemos demostradoque el plasma rico en plaquetas puede sustituiral factor de crecimiento transformante (TGF)-β1 utilizadopara inducir la condrogénesis no sólo en las MSC agregadasen micromasas, sino también en las crecidas en monocapay embebidas en un gel de fibrina

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from human bone marrow(BM) represent a promising candidate cell type fordamaged cartilage repair. In vitro generated MSC containtwo cell populations with a distinct capability of expansionand differentiation. We have used BM samples derivedfrom human bone biopsies and we have defined cultureconditions for optimizing the yields of cultures enrichedfor pluripotent cells. Moreover, it has been determined thecontent of progenitor MSC in human BM. MSC could differentiateinto osteocytic and chondrocytic lineage afterculturing with defined culture mediums. Finally we demonstratedthat platelet-rich plasma can replace transforminggrowth factor (TGF)-β1 used to induce chondrogenicdifferentiation in MSC pelleted into micromasses but alsoin MSC cultured in monolayer and immersed in a fibrin gel

[Incidence of hepatitis C infection among donors of femur heads to the tissue bank]. / Incidencia de infección por hepatitis C en donantes de cabezas femorales para el banco de tejidos.

Living donors of femoral heads belong to a highly specific group in terms of age and pathological characteristic, forming the core of the group who supply many tissue banks with spongy bone, to cover the needs of several specialties in the field of repair and corrective surgery. Analysis for the presence of the hepatitis C virus in this population was conducted as a part of quality control programs, while habitual blood donors from the same geographical location were used as the control group. Although the comparison of results could give rise to erroneous interpretations, due to the lack of qualitative fit between the groups, a much higher incidence of infection by VHC was found in the donors of spongy bone than was the case for blood donors (3.816% vs. 0.569%), although a smaller proportion of donors had hepatic alterations (measured by transaminases). In spite of the fact that the prevalence of VHC is almost 6 times that corresponding to the control group, the elimination of live donors of spongy bone would create serious problems with supply to tissue banks. We therefore propose that more severe exclusion criteria be applied to the selection of bone donors, and also that sterilisation techniques be employed, using physical-chemical procedures (liophilisation, dehydration, chemical treatment, irradiation) to process these tissues. We also recommend that younger multiple organ tissue donors be used as sources of spongy bone for cold storage that is not to be subjected to any additional sterilisation treatment.